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Proverbs 10

1 - The proverbs of Solomon.A wise son makes a glad father;but a foolish son brings grief to his mother.
2 - Treasures of wickedness profit nothing,but righteousness delivers from death.
3 - The LORD will not allow the soul of the righteous to go hungry,but he thrusts away the desire of the wicked.
4 - He becomes poor who works with a lazy hand,but the hand of the diligent brings wealth.
5 - He who gathers in summer is a wise son,but he who sleeps during the harvest is a son who causes shame.
6 - Blessings are on the head of the righteous,but violence covers the mouth of the wicked.
7 - The memory of the righteous is blessed,but the name of the wicked will rot.
8 - The wise in heart accept commandments,but a chattering fool will fall.
9 - He who walks blamelessly walks surely,but he who perverts his ways will be found out.
10 - One winking with the eye causes sorrow,but a chattering fool will fall.
11 - The mouth of the righteous is a spring of life,but violence covers the mouth of the wicked.
12 - Hatred stirs up strife,but love covers all wrongs.
13 - Wisdom is found on the lips of him who has discernment,but a rod is for the back of him who is void of understanding.
14 - Wise men lay up knowledge,but the mouth of the foolish is near ruin.
15 - The rich man's wealth is his strong city.The destruction of the poor is their poverty.
16 - The labor of the righteous leads to life.The increase of the wicked leads to sin.
17 - He is in the way of life who heeds correction,but he who forsakes reproof leads others astray.
18 - He who hides hatred has lying lips.He who utters a slander is a fool.
19 - In the multitude of words there is no lack of disobedience,but he who restrains his lips does wisely.
20 - The tongue of the righteous is like choice silver.The heart of the wicked is of little worth.
21 - The lips of the righteous feed many,but the foolish die for lack of understanding.
22 - The LORD's blessing brings wealth,and he adds no trouble to it.
23 - It is a fool's pleasure to do wickedness,but wisdom is a man of understanding's pleasure.
24 - What the wicked fear, will overtake them,but the desire of the righteous will be granted.
25 - When the whirlwind passes, the wicked is no more;but the righteous stand firm forever.
26 - As vinegar to the teeth, and as smoke to the eyes,so is the sluggard to those who send him.
27 - The fear of the LORD prolongs days,but the years of the wicked shall be shortened.
28 - The prospect of the righteous is joy,but the hope of the wicked will perish.
29 - The way of the LORD is a stronghold to the upright,but it is a destruction to the workers of iniquity.
30 - The righteous will never be removed,but the wicked will not dwell in the land.
31 - The mouth of the righteous produces wisdom,but the perverse tongue will be cut off.
32 - The lips of the righteous know what is acceptable,but the mouth of the wicked is perverse.
Proverbs Images and Notes

The Book of Proverbs

Proverbs 3:5-6 - Trust in the LORD with all thine heart; and lean not unto thine own understanding. In all thy ways acknowledge him, and he shall direct thy paths.

Proverbs 15:1-4 - A soft answer turneth away wrath: but grievous words stir up anger. The tongue of the wise useth knowledge aright: but the mouth of fools poureth out foolishness. The eyes of the LORD [are] in every place, beholding the evil and the good. A wholesome tongue [is] a tree of life: but perverseness therein [is] a breach in the spirit.

Proverbs 17:12-13 - Let a bear robbed of her whelps meet a man, rather than a fool in his folly. Whoso rewardeth evil for good, evil shall not depart from his house.

The Old Testament - A Brief Overview

Bible Survey - Proverbs
Hebrew Name - Mishley "proverbs"
Greek Name - Paroimiae (Greek form of the Hebrew )
Author - Solomon (According to Tradition)
Date - 1000 BC Approximately
Theme - It is wise to obey God
Types and Shadows - In Proverbs Jesus is true wisdom

Illustration of Solomon's Temple
Illustration of Solomon's Temple on Mount Moriah

Summary of The Book of Proverbs

The Proverbs are a collection of wise sayings that, although they were written in ancient times, their principles are for all men in every age, and every walk of life. The ultimate message in the book of Proverbs is that fearing the Lord is the beginning of wisdom. There is no greater principle that was taught by both David and Solomon than acknowledging God's presence in everything in life, and taking heed to everything He says.

Proverbs 1:1 indicates that the whole collection was called "the Proverbs of Solomon the son of David, king of Israel." Technically a proverb is a profound maxim or epigrammatic saying that, if pondered on for a length of time there is deep meaning associated with it. Proverbs was not uncommon in the ancient world, but the concept of fearing a single God who is the only God and the giver of life, was completely foreign in a world filled with polytheism.

Solomon was the son of David who was chosen to build the Temple. His name comes from the Hebrew word for peace (shalom), and he is recognized in the Bible as the ultimate peacemaker King in the history of the kingdom of  Israel. The book of Proverbs not only names Solomon as the author in the very first verse, but there are other verses that indicate that Solomon was the person responsible for the Proverbs (Proverbs 10:1; Proverbs 25:1).

The book of Kings indicates that Solomon was blessed with wisdom from God (1 Kings 4:29), he was a man of humility (1 Kings 3:7), and a great diplomat (1 Kings 3:16-28; 1 Kings 5:12) to such an extent that people came from all over the world to hear his wisdom (1 Kings 4:30; 1 Kings 10:1-13). The book of Kings also indicates that Solomon wrote over 3000 proverbs (1 Kings 4:32), and this is many more than the book of Proverbs contains.

Solomon's Wisdom. David had chosen Solomon to sit upon the throne of Israel and serve the Lord. After Solomon had removed his enemies, he allied with the Pharaoh of Egypt, and took Pharaoh's daughter to be his wife. Solomon had thought intensely about his task to build a house for the Lord, the Temple in Jerusalem. He went to offer sacrifices to the Lord at Gibeon and that night the Lord appeared to him in a dream saying "ask what you will and I will give it to you" and Solomon said "you have shown great mercy to your servant David, my father, even as he walked before you in truth and justice and with an upright heart. You have continued your great mercy toward him and given him a son to sit on his throne, as it is today. And now, O Lord God, you have made your servant King succeeding David, my father. I am but a child, and know not how to act. You have chosen me to be king over so many that they cannot be counted. Give me, therefore, an understanding heart, to judge your people and to discern between good and evil." The Lord was pleased with Solomon's request and said, "because you have not asked for long life or riches, nor for the death of your enemies, but have asked wisdom for yourself to discern what is right, I have done for you as you asked, and have given you a wise and understanding heart, so much so that you are unlike anyone before you, nor shall there be anyone like you after. Yes, and the things also which you did not ask, I have given you: that is, riches and glory, so that you are incomparable with all previous kings. And if you will walk in my ways, and keep my precepts and my commandments, as your father, I will lengthen your life." (see 1 Kings 3 and 2 Chronicles 1).

Outline of the Book of Proverbs

Proverbs 1-9, Solomon addresses the young. His words are arranged in a series of discourses in praise of wisdom. A personification of Wisdom speaks as an instructor, warning against all manner of folly. The proverbs in this section are arranged with more continuity than is seen in succeeding chapters.

Proverbs 10-22:16 are the "proverbs of Solomon," and this section is usually thought to be the original nucleus around which the remainder of the book was constructed.

Proverbs 22:17-24 :22 contains advice for those in responsible positions, calling it "the words of the wise." Proverbs 24:23-29 are designated as "the proverbs of Solomon which the wise men of Hezekiah copied out." These are in the form of detached statements, although there are occasional signs of continuity. There are also sayings on related subjects such as rulers, sluggards and fools.

Proverbs 30, the sayings of Agur, and Proverbs 31, the great chapter on womanhood which purports to come from the mother of King Lemuel which was constructed in acrostic form, the verses beginning with the successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet. This last chapter completes this book of Hebrew wisdom.

ARCHAEOLOGY

House of David Inscription - Tel Dan Stele

Tel Dan Stele - House of David Inscription
1 Kings 2:11 - And the days that David reigned over Israel [were] forty years: seven years reigned he in Hebron, and thirty and three years reigned he in Jerusalem.

An inscription containing the words "house of David" was found on a black basalt stone slab called the Tel Dan Stele, from Tel Dan, Israel, 9th Century B.C.

Quick Reference Map
Map of the Empires of David and Solomon
Map of the Empires of David and Solomon (Click to Enlarge)

Quick Reference Maps - Proverbs

The Kingdom of Solomon during the Proverbs

The Empire of David and Solomon during the Chronicles

Solomon's Temple Illustration

The First Day. Light.

Proverbs Resources

Samuel the Prophet
Saul, Israel's First King
King David
King Solomon

More About the Book of Proverbs
Proverbs in the Picture Study Bible
Timeline of the Ancient World
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