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International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
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CRAFT; CRAFTINESS; CRAFTY kraft, kraf'-ti-nes, kraf'-ti, (panourgia), (panourgos): The original meaning is that of "ability to do anything," universally applied in a bad sense to unscrupulous wickedness, that stops short of no measure, however reprehensible, in order to attain its purposes; then, in a modified form, to resourcefulness in wrong, cunning (Dan 8:25; 2 Macc 12:24; the Revised Version, margin "jugglery"). In Lk 20:23, Jesus perceives "the craftiness" of His adversaries, i.e. the complicated network which they have laid to ensnare Him. The art with which a plot is concealed, and its direction to the ruin of others, are elements that enter into the meaning. Heinrici on 1 Cor 3:19 illustrates from Plato the distinction between craftiness and wisdom. There is a touch of humor in 2 Cor 12:16, when Paul speaks of his conduct toward the Corinthians as having been "crafty." H. E. Jacobs |
Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. "Definition for 'CRAFT; CRAFTINESS; CRAFTY'". "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". bible-history.com - ISBE; 1915.
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