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Easton's Bible Dictionary

 

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Israel
        the name conferred on Jacob after the great prayer-struggle at
        Peniel (Gen. 32:28), because "as a prince he had power with God
        and prevailed." (See JACOB ¯T0001945.) This is the common name
        given to Jacob's descendants. The whole people of the twelve
        tribes are called "Israelites," the "children of Israel" (Josh.
        3:17; 7:25; Judg. 8:27; Jer. 3:21), and the "house of Israel"
        (Ex. 16:31; 40:38).
        This name Israel is sometimes used emphatically for the true
        Israel (Ps. 73:1: Isa. 45:17; 49:3; John 1:47; Rom. 9:6; 11:26).
        After the death of Saul the ten tribes arrogated to themselves
        this name, as if they were the whole nation (2 Sam. 2:9, 10, 17,
        28; 3:10, 17; 19:40-43), and the kings of the ten tribes were
        called "kings of Israel," while the kings of the two tribes were
        called "kings of Judah."
        After the Exile the name Israel was assumed as designating the
        entire nation.
Bibliography Information
Easton, Matthew George. M.A., D.D., "Definition for 'Israel' Eastons Bible Dictionary".
bible-history.com - Eastons; 1897.

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