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Easton's Bible Dictionary

 

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Gideon
        called also Jerubbaal (Judg. 6:29, 32), was the first of the
        judges whose history is circumstantially narrated (Judg. 6-8).
        His calling is the commencement of the second period in the
        history of the judges. After the victory gained by Deborah and
        Barak over Jabin, Israel once more sank into idolatry, and the
        Midianites (q.v.) and Amalekites, with other "children of the
        east," crossed the Jordan each year for seven successive years
        for the purpose of plundering and desolating the land. Gideon
        received a direct call from God to undertake the task of
        delivering the land from these warlike invaders. He was of the
        family of Abiezer (Josh. 17:2; 1 Chr. 7:18), and of the little
        township of Ophrah (Judg. 6:11). First, with ten of his
        servants, he overthrew the altars of Baal and cut down the
        asherah which was upon it, and then blew the trumpet of alarm,
        and the people flocked to his standard on the crest of Mount
        Gilboa to the number of twenty-two thousand men. These were,
        however, reduced to only three hundred. These, strangely armed
        with torches and pitchers and trumpets, rushed in from three
        different points on the camp of Midian at midnight, in the
        valley to the north of Moreh, with the terrible war-cry, "For
        the Lord and for Gideon" (Judg. 7:18, R.V.). Terror-stricken,
        the Midianites were put into dire confusion, and in the darkness
        slew one another, so that only fifteen thousand out of the great
        army of one hundred and twenty thousand escaped alive. The
        memory of this great deliverance impressed itself deeply on the
        mind of the nation (1 Sam. 12:11; Ps. 83:11; Isa. 9:4; 10:26;
        Heb. 11:32). The land had now rest for forty years. Gideon died
        in a good old age, and was buried in the sepulchre of his
        fathers. Soon after his death a change came over the people.
        They again forgot Jehovah, and turned to the worship of Baalim,
        "neither shewed they kindness to the house of Jerubbaal" (Judg.
        8:35). Gideon left behind him seventy sons, a feeble, sadly
        degenerated race, with one exception, that of Abimelech, who
        seems to have had much of the courage and energy of his father,
        yet of restless and unscrupulous ambition. He gathered around
        him a band who slaughtered all Gideon's sons, except Jotham,
        upon one stone. (See OPHRAH ¯T0002798.)
Bibliography Information
Easton, Matthew George. M.A., D.D., "Biblical Meaning for 'Gideon' Eastons Bible Dictionary".
bible-history.com - Eastons; 1897.

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